The first section of the walkway tells the history of the Neanderthal and describes the original discovery of the Neanderthal skeleton ("A valley and its Secret"). Following this introduction, the decisive moments in the history of humanity are presented ("A journey through time").

Five thematic areas give a chronological overview on the "Evolution of Humankind", stressing the themes "Life and Survival", "Tools and Knowledge", "Myth and Religion", "Environment and Nourishment", as well as "Communication and Society".