The Neanderthal Museum Foundation has awarded the Fuhlrott Research Fellowship since 2011. The fellowship is aimed at doctoral candidates. Its goal is to support the development of highly qualified young researchers from the fields of Palaeolithic archaeology, palaeoanthropology, and geoarchaeology. These three subject areas reflect the research interests of the fellowship's namesake, Johann Carl Fuhlrott.

Workspace can be made available at the Neanderthal Museum for fellowship holders, or they can choose to undertake their research at another recognised institution.

Current Fellowship Holder: Andrea Picin (Universität Tarragona) Dissertation topic: Technological change in the Western Mediterranean during the final Middle Palaeolithic